After HIV binds and fuses to the host cell surface, the viral capsid enters the cell and undergoes uncoating. This process releases the viral RNA genome, reverse transcriptase, integrase, and other viral proteins into the host cytoplasm.

Google

The first step of the HIV replication cycle is attachment and fusion. During this stage, the envelope glycoprotein gp120 on the surface of the virus binds specifically to the CD4 receptor on host immune cells, such as T-cells, macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells. The gp120 protein then binds to a smaller coreceptor, either CCR5 or CXCR4, to initiate fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane.

The Life of HIV

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

Learn Before

Related