The gap between high and low-income students' ability to retain information and succeed academically can lead to greater inequality in future life circumstances such as employment opportunities and residence. A potential explanation for this could be income segregation between school districts.

State University of New York at Stony Brook

The gap between high and low-income students' test scores has increased 40 percent from the 1970s until the early 2000s. The gap for high and low-income young adult students' college enrollment and educational attainment has also grown. However, the education disparities between white and black students have remained the same(but still significant). Achievement gaps are more prominent in metropolitan areas because it is a highly segregated place. The achievement gap between black and white students is larger in areas that are highly segregated. 

Achievement Gap Between High and Low Income Students

Owens, Ann. "Income segregation between school districts and inequality in students’ achievement." Sociology of Education 91.1 (2018): 1-27.

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