 - Aboriginal people from Australia used "message sticks" to relay information regarding disease and death. 
 - During the 17th century, medicine was practiced "in absentia" as practitioners took urine samples and examined them based on Greek-based uroscopy charts.
- During the American Civil War, in order to detect the location and movement of troops, the Signal Corps was developed which relied heavily on the telegraph. Under then Surgeon-turned-Major Albert Albert Myer, the telegraph was used to request medical supplies and assist in the transport of patients.

* more found within referenced article

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Telehealth or Telemedicine are broad terms that define the delivery of healthcare or medical care via electronic methods such as through mobile devices or with the help of Information and Communication technology.

Telehealth / Telemedicine as Interventions in Psychology 

Bashshur, R. L., Shannon, G. W., Smith, B. R., Alverson, D. C., Antoniotti, N., Barsan, W. G., Bashshur, N., Brown, E. M., Coye, M. J., Doarn, C. R., Ferguson, S., Grigsby, J., Krupinski, E. A., Kvedar, J. C., Linkous, J., Merrell, R. C., Nesbitt, T., Poropatich, R., Rheuban, K. S., … Yellowlees, P. (2014, September). The empirical foundations of telemedicine interventions for chronic disease management. Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association. Retrieved October 7, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4148063/. 

The Empirical Foundations of Telemedicine Interventions for Chronic Disease Management

Telemedicine and Telehealth serve to:

 - make medicine and healthcare more accessible for all 
 - reduces inequity in the obtainment of medicine 
 - reduces costs related to healthcare services, vital for a time in which healthcare costs are soaring 
 - allows for a redistribution of quality (in terms of healthcare services)

Goals of Telemedicine / Telehealth 

Important uses of telemedicine throughout history

 - choice of study design and sample design
 - measurement tools
 - analytic methodology 
 - settings / environments
 - Choice of populations (illness severity)
 - Implementation and Implications as a result 

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