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While correlational research cannot unambiguously establish that one variable causes another, complex correlational research can be used to explore possible causal relationships by ruling out other plausible interpretations. This exploration is primarily achieved through the statistical control of potential third variables.

Exploring Causal Relationships in Correlational Research

In correlational research, statistical control is a method used to rule out alternative explanations for an observed relationship. Instead of controlling potential third variables through random assignment or by holding them constant physically, researchers measure these extraneous variables and incorporate them into their statistical analysis.

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