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A task variable is a specific type of extraneous variable relating to the mechanics, materials, or procedures of the activity participants are asked to complete during a study. For example, whether a participant completes a task by hand or on a computer is a task variable. Because variations in how a task is administered can independently affect the dependent variable, they must be held constant.

Task Variable

In an experiment testing the effect of expressive writing on physical health, researchers must manage multiple extraneous variables. Participant variables (individual differences) like baseline writing ability, gender, and diet can independently affect health. Furthermore, situational and task variables, such as the weather, the time of day, and whether participants type or write by hand, can introduce unintended variability. Holding these factors constant is necessary to separate the actual impact of expressive writing from the influence of these outside variables.

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