An idempotent operation can be retried with the same key without multiplying its intended effect. It is essential when acknowledgements can be lost after an action succeeds.

Idempotency Makes Repetition Safe

Queues may redeliver and workers may crash between effects and acknowledgements. Exactly-once business behavior usually comes from deduplication, transactions, and idempotent consumers, not transport promises alone.

Exactly-Once Effects Are an End-to-End Claim

In this situation—retrying a payment request after a network timeout—which choice best applies “Idempotency Makes Repetition Safe”?

Retry only transient failures, add jittered backoff, cap attempts and elapsed time, and preserve the original operation identity. Permanent errors should route elsewhere immediately.

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