Modus ponens is the most widely implemented inference method provided by FOL. It functions by corresponding to what is informally known as if-then reasoning. Thus, if the left-hand side of an implication rule is true, then the right-hand side of the rule can be inferred.

Modus Ponens

Inference adds valid new propositions to a knowledge base or determines the truth of propositions not explicitly contained within a knowledge base.

University of Texas at San Antonio

First-Order Logic (FOL) is a flexible, well-understood, and computationally tractable meaning representation language. It provides a sound computational basis for the verifiability, inference, and expressiveness requirements, as well as a sound model-theoretic semantics.

First-Order Logic

An on-going but a helpful book resource about NLP
https://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/

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