In Arthur Jensen's two-level theory of intelligence, Level I is responsible for rote memorization. According to his findings, Level I abilities remained consistent among the human race.

Level I Intelligence

In Arthur Jensen's two-level theory of intelligence, Level II is responsible for conceptual and analytical abilities. According to his findings, Level II abilities exhibited differences among ethnic groups.

Level II Intelligence

Arthur Jensen posited that intelligence is made up of two types of abilities: Level I and Level II.

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Arthur Jensen was an educational psychologist whose work sparked intense controversy regarding race and intelligence. His interpretation of IQ data, which he believed was a valid measure of inherited intelligence, led to a significant public backlash in a society grappling with racism. Jensen's views were further clarified in an interview with the White nationalist publication *American Renaissance*, where he made racist statements, including questioning the educability of many Black people and expressing concern over their birth rate leading to a 'deterioration of the nation'.

Arthur Jensen

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

In a 1969 article for the Harvard Educational Review, educational psychologist Arthur Jensen proposed a theory that intelligence is largely determined by genetics and consists of two types of abilities. Level I ability, responsible for rote memorization, was seen as consistent across all humans. Level II ability, encompassing conceptual and analytical skills, was argued to differ among ethnic groups. Jensen controversially concluded that Level II intelligence was most prevalent in Asians, followed by White people, and then Black people.

Arthur Jensen's Two-Level Theory of Intelligence

After administering IQ tests to diverse groups of students, Arthur Jensen concluded that IQ is determined by genetics.

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