* Time: Vocabulary plans took less time to make than unstructured plans.
* Effort: No significant difference in any of the questionnaire questions for Unstructured vs vocabulary planning. However, for the additional vocabulary condition-only question, people felt that if they already knew the vocabulary without having to train or learn it, then the planning task would be less mentally demanding. 
* Granularity: Vocabulary plans had more steps (3) than unstructured plans (2)
* Atomicity: a 28% increase in mechanical steps between vocabulary based plans and comments and a 26% increase between vocabulary and unstructured plans. Vocabulary plans help people break down tasks better
* Sourcing potential: 28% increase in crowdsourcing  potential between comment and vocabulary planning and a 25% increase between unstructured and vocabulary planning. This means that vocabulary planning leads to planners using more steps that can be crowdsourced


Lab Study Results

* They obtained documents from interns at a large technology company. These documents were initial drafts of a paper about their project for submission to a conference.
* Asked each intern's mentor to leave 12 comments on their drafts
* Asked the mentors to make plans for addressing each of their comments in a lab setting. In this study, the mentors are asked to do unstructured and vocabulary based plans instead of assigning them either or.
* this study is the same as the online study with a training step, questionnaire about the step, a planning step, and questionnaire about the planning step. They also included and open text questionnaire about the process.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

* Time: Vocabulary based planning took less time than unstructured planning
* Effort: for the training tasks, people felt more hurried by the pace of the unstructured training than the vocabulary training and were more annoyed during the unstructured training. For the planning task, People felt it was more hard work to make unstructured plans than vocabulary based plans and they also felt annoyed as well
* Granularity: People made more steps with vocabulary plans (2.5 steps) than unstructured plans (2 steps). This means that vocabulary plans are more granular, have more steps.
* Atomicity: a 35% increase in mechanical steps between vocabulary- based plans and comments and a 20% increase between vocabulary based and unstructured plans. This means that there is strong favor of vocabulary plans being more atomic than unstructured plans.
* Sourcing potential: a 26% increase in crowdsourcing potential between comments and vocabulary based planning and a 19% increase between unstructured and vocabulary based planning. This means that "having a vocabulary when planning leads to planners using steps that can be crowdsourced"

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