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  • Disability Rights Legislation in the United States

  • IQ tests and scientific racism

Larry P. v. Riles Court Case

The 1979 court case Larry P. v. Riles highlighted a significant racial disparity in California's special education system: while Black children were only 10% of the student population, they comprised 25% of those in special education. The plaintiffs argued that the IQ tests used for placement were discriminatory due to racial and cultural biases favoring white students. The court ruled that these IQ tests could no longer be the sole factor for placing Black students in special education, a decision that prominently exposed the inherent limitations and potential for bias in standardized intelligence testing.

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Related
  • The Rehabilitation Act of 1973

  • The Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)

  • Supplemental Security Income

  • Rosas Law (Pub. L. 111-256)

  • Fair Housing Act

  • Architectural Barriers Act (1968)

  • Telecommunications Act of 1996

  • Help America Vote Act (2002)

  • Fourteenth Amendment

  • Synergistic efforts from state and federal governments

  • Public Law 85-926

  • Mills v. Board of Education

  • Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA)

  • Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)

  • Disability Evaluation Under Social Security

  • Board of Education v. Rowley

  • Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District

  • Larry P. v. Riles Court Case

  • Disability Legislation Relating to Higher Education in America

  • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990

  • Born that way? ‘Scientific’ racism is creeping back into our thinking. Here’s what to watch out for.

  • Arthur Jensen's Two-Level Theory of Intelligence

  • Psychological Assertions of Racial Differences in IQ

  • Larry P. v. Riles Court Case

  • Critique of an Early Intelligence Study

  • A historical researcher from the early 20th century observes that a population group subjected to systemic educational and economic disadvantages scores lower, on average, on a newly designed "intelligence" test compared to the dominant population group. The researcher concludes that this score difference proves the inherent intellectual inferiority of the disadvantaged group. What is the most critical and flawed assumption underlying the researcher's conclusion?

Learn After
  • IQ Tests as a Form of Eugenics, Part 1

  • Racial Bias in IQ Tests

  • The Racist History of the SAT

  • The Argument in Larry P. v. Riles: Biased Norming Practices

  • A school district observes that students from a specific minority group are being placed in special education programs at a much higher rate than their peers. The primary tool used for this placement is a standardized intelligence test. Based on the legal and ethical principles highlighted by the Larry P. v. Riles case, what is the most likely underlying reason for this disparity?

  • Analyzing Disproportionate Educational Placement