Lentiviral vectors (LVVs) are a species of retrovirus. LVVs can enter cells and insert their genetic material into dividing and non-dividing cells. They produce long-term gene expression through integration into the host genome. Examples include: HIV.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Viral vectors use inactive versions of viruses to deliver genetic material into cells, taking advantage of viruses' ability to easily enter cells. They are the most common vector type in gene therapy because they produce long-term, high level of gene expression. Examples include: adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs), adenoviral vectors (AdVs), and lentiviral vectors (LVVs).

Viral vectors

Lentiviral vectors

Adenoviral vectors (AdVs) transfer genetic material into dividing and non-dividing cells with high efficiency. They produce transient gene expression because they do not integrate into the host genome. AdVs have high immunogenicity.

Adenoviral vectors

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) transfer genetic material into dividing and non-dividing cells. They are the most common vector used in gene therapy, in part due to their low immunogenicity. Wild-type AAV integrates into the host genome and produced long-term gene expression, while recombinant AAV has transient effects. 

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