Metadata in terms of linked data is provenance based meta-information that assesses data about its creator, creation date, quality/trust of the data, and creation method. Using Metadata allows data publishers to provide its users with specific Web data for their tasks as well as information about the data set and is interlinkage of other data sets.

Metadata(Linked Data)

Publishing Tools are tools that ensure data is being published according to Linked Data community best practices. The tools also help dereference URIs into RDF descriptions, support the publication of RDF dumps, and also provide SPARQL query access to the served data sets. Examples of publishing tools include D2R Server, Virtuoso Universal Server, Tails Platform, Pubby, Triplify, SparqPlug, OAI2LOD Server, and SIOC Exporters.  

Publishing Tools

Linked Data Browsers function similar to HTML pages to navigate to different sources in hypertext links. Linked Data Browsers allow navigation to data sources using links called RDF.

Data Browsers(Linked Data)

 There 4 rules for Linked Data: 1. Use URIs as names for things. 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards(RDF, SPARQL). 4. Include links to other URIs, so that they can discover more things.

Rules for Linked Data

Human Oriented Search Engines provide keyword-based search services oriented to human users. The user is presented with a search box to enter keywords in relation to the item and topic that they are interested in and the application returns a relevant list. A summary of the item is then presented to the user along with structured data from the Web.

Human Oriented Search Engines

Domain-Specific Applications are a service that combines domain-specific sources from Linked Data. For example these can be used for reviewing, finding locations, learning, media, music, and data feeds.

Domain-Specific Applications(Linked Data)

Microformats are a set of simple data formats that are embedded into HTML. It aims at extending the Web with structured data.

Microformats(Linked Data)

Web API's provide access to data using various content formats. Examples include Amazon, eBay, Yahoo!, and Google.

Web API's(Linked Data)

Dataspaces are a concept that provide a target system architecture based on ongoing research with reference reconciliation, schema matching/mapping, data lineage, data quality, and data extraction as a unified whole. The idea of dataspaces is that the semantic cohesion in a dataspace is increased over time by different parties providing data mapping.

Dataspaces(Linked Data)

The Semantic Web is a web of data that can be processed directly or indirectly by machines. The Semantic Web is also the evolution of human readable objects to contain machine-oriented semantic information. 

Semantic Web(Linked Data)

Linked Data Refers to a set of best practices for publishing and connecting data on the web. When the practice of linked data is applied to the World Wide Web it connects to various forms of data and acts as a interconnected search system for information retrieval. In addition, Linked Data is also comprised and complimented by the following:
- Rules for Linked Data
- Metadata
- Publishing Tools
- Data Browsers
- Human Oriented Search Engines
- Domain Specific Applications
- Microformats
- Web APIs
- Data Spaces
- Semantic Web


University of South Carolina

The science of analyzing, collecting, classifying, manipulating, storing, retrieving, moving, disseminating and protecting information.

Information Science

Heath, T., Hepp, M., Bizer, C.(2009). Linked Data - The Story So Far. Special
Issue on Linked Data, International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems(IJSWIS), 1-26. Retrieved from:  http://linkeddata.org/docs/ijswis-special-issue
Full Version: file:///C:/Users/mcelr/OneDrive/Berners-Lee%20(2009).pdf

Linked Data Citation

- Information Theory
- Quantum Information 

Major Theories in Information Science

- Information ethics
- Human-computer interaction
- User-centered design
- User experience

Concepts in Information Science

In Information Science, it is important to be able to produce contextual elements that help make people understand the information conveyed to them. One of those methods for providing that context is through visual information from images. Images are a different beast when it comes to information retrieval. Usually, pending personal photo collections, images are publicly available. The method through which imagery is retrieved is called Content Based Image Retrieval. 

Content based Image Retrieval.

Linked Data

Information and the utilization of it has a start, but how did it become a Science practiced by Librarians as well as Information Professionals? It started off as a concept based on epistemological use in different languages and practices that define the original word of information to mean support or educate. From that, information begins to become a science based on historical innovations that create practices for it and expands its use. In understanding Information Science at a conceptual level, it can be defined and contextualized by its origins as well as where it is going.

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