The study of past human cultures, particularly maritime cultures, by focusing on human interactions with oceans, lakes, and rivers.

Arizona State University

- Ethnoarchaeology
- Historical Archaeology 
- Archaeoastronomy
- Zooarchaeology
- Archaeobotany or Paleoethnobotany
- Experimental Archaeology
- Environmental Archaeology
- Forensic Archaeology
- Geoarchaeology
- Maritime Archaeology/ Underwater Archaeology
- Collections Management
- Palaeoarchaeology
- Paleopathology
- Bioarchaeology
- Archaeogenetics
- Osteoarchaeology   

Archaeological Subdisciplines

The study of how people in the past understood and observed phenomena in the sky and how these observations influenced various cultures. 

Archaeoastronomy

Maritime Archaeology

Study of hominid fossils from 15,000,000 - 10,000 years ago, human adaptions, and human evolution.

Paleoarchaeology

Study of past diseases and injuries in all organisms, especially past human pathologies. 

Paleopathology (Palaeopathology)

Study of written and oral traditions to contextualize and inform cultural material for historical-period socities. 

Historical Archaeology (Post-Medieval Archaeology)

The study of ancient DNA, a form of genetic analysis that can be applied to humans, animals, and plants. 

Archaeogenetics

Study to test archaeological hypotheses, usually through replicating or approximating the process and feasibility of how ancient societies' accomplished tasks/ feats.

Experimental Archaeology

Bioarcheology and Osteoarcheology

Prehistoric Archaeologists recover and analyze materials to reconstruct lifestyles of past societies that have no written record

Prehistoric Archaeology 

The ethnographic study of people, usually through material remains.

Ethnoarchaeology

The study and reconstruction of relationships between past societies and their environment. 

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