In Hofstede’s model, masculinity stands for a nation in which gender roles are clearly distinct. Men in Masculine societies are expected to be assertive, rugged, and focused on material success while women should be modest, tender, and focused on quality of life

Catholic University of America

In his social-cultural model, Hofstede described masculinity and femininity as characteristic traits of societies. On the national level, these traits denote the dominant gender role patterns in the vast majority of both traditional and modern societies. In particular, they describe the patterns of male dominance and female nurtures. 

Hofstede's Feminine and Masculine societies 

Cuddy, A. J. C., Wolf, E. B., Glick, P., Crotty, S., Chong, J., & Norton, M. I. (2015). Men as cultural ideals: Cultural values moderate gender stereotype content. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109(4), 622–635. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi0000027


Men as Cultural Ideals: Cultural Values Moderate Gender Stereotype Content

Masculine gender role stress (MGRS) describes the stress men experience when they perceive that they fail to meet society's expectations for masculine behavior or when they are forced to act in feminine-typed ways. The resulting stress produced by these feelings or actions are believed to be correlated with negative psychological and behavioral outcomes.

Masculine Gender Stress In Masculine Nations 

 A Feminine nation is one in which gender roles overlap. Men and women are equally expected to be modest, tender, and concerned with quality of life

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