A city planner is tasked with reducing traffic congestion. The 'given state' is daily gridlock, and the 'desired goal state' is a 20% reduction in average commute times within two years. The planner must overcome 'barriers' such as budget limitations, public opposition to new construction, and unpredictable changes in commuter behavior. The solution requires a 'series of multi-step activities', including data analysis, simulation modeling, public consultations, and a phased implementation of adaptive traffic signals. Based on the fundamental components of problem-solving, which statement best analyzes this scenario?

Applying the Framework of Complex Problem-Solving

Match each core component from the formal definition of complex problem-solving with its correct description.