Narcissism has been highly researched using the single trait method. People with high amounts of narcissism have been found to have common behaviors and life outcomes. Extremely high amounts of narcissism have been classified as a personality disorder

Examples:
-  excessive self love
-  charming
-  good at first impressions
-  agressive 
-  manipulative 

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

This approach focuses on a single trait and aims to learn as much as possible about behaviors and life outcomes associated with that trait. 

Examples: 
-  Self Monitoring
-  Narcissism 

Single Trait Approach 

Funder, D. C. (2019). The personality puzzle. New York, NY: W. W. Norton &amp; Company.

The Personality Puzzle

Self monitoring refers to how much an individual changes their behavior in order to fit their situation better. High self monitors are very different in different situations whereas low self monitors have a more stable personality across situations. 

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