Fetal exposure to substance can lead to maldevelopment of fetus. These children are in higher risk of developmental issues. Also lack of nutrition, premature birth, potential childhood exposure to toxins all can lead to poor brain function and unhealthy development in children. These consequently contribute to higher risk in ADHD, poor life skill, social rejection and other factors that are potential risk to development of CD and ASPD.

Wake Forest University

Past studies had hinted the heritability of antisocial traits. Twin studies found that more monozygotic twins show higher level of antisocial behaviors than dizygotic twins. Moreover, in a meta-analysis of twin adoption study,  researchers found that 50% of the variance found in measures of antisocial behaviors can be ascribed to genetic effects. 

Genetic factors in CD

Holmes, S., Slaughter, J., & Kashani, J. (2004). Risk Factors in Childhood That Lead to the Development of Conduct Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 31(3), 183-193.

Learn Before

Related