Nyquist frequency is the maximum frequency for a given sampling rate, usually half the sampling rate.

Hamilton College

The sampling rate is the number of samples taken per second. To ensure the accuracy of measurement, at least two samples in each cycle are required:
one measuring the positive part of the wave and one measuring the negative part.

Sampling Rate

An on-going but a helpful book resource about NLP
https://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/

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