Di Marco, M., Baker, M. L., Daszak, P., De Barro, P., Eskew, E. A., Godde, C. M., ... & Karesh, W. B. (2020). Opinion: Sustainable development must account for pandemic risk. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(8), 3888-3892. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2001655117

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1. The pandemic has caused about 30% decrease in GDP in the USA (Azoulay, P., & Jones, B. (2020))
2. About 80% of on-site researching was canceled because of social distancing(Wigginton 2020)
3. Scientists and researchers are frustrated with reviewing literature during the pandemic.
4. Wildlife in Africa is threatened as a result of consequential financial problems of lower tourism spending and donor funding (Lindsey 2020).
5. Economical and financial problems may improve exposure to and consumption of wild animals, and increase future pandemic risks (Di Marco 2020)
6. Food Security. "COVID-19-related hunger may
well kill more people than direct infection."(Food2020 Nature)
7. Psychosocial health and obesity epidemic as a side effect of lockdown during pandemic is also apprised(Clemmensen 2020 Nature).

Importance of technical solutions to fight against COVID-19

Azoulay, P., & Jones, B. (2020). Beat COVID-19 through innovation.

Beat COVID-19 through innovation

- Time-consuming to self-judge many rapidly released papers
- Difficult to efficiently inform the research community about inappropriate results/findings
- Repetition and contradiction
- Cognitive overload and determining the novelty of a new study
- Published papers are static and don't get updated dynamically
- Difficult for multidisciplinary research collaboration 
- The increased role of preprint servers in COVID-19 research
- Marketing and subscription fees of journals
- Personal ambitions and carrier incentives
- Even the papers published journals are not completely flawless when the time is the essence.
- Difficulty informing the public


Current Barriers Related to COVID-19 Collaborative Research

Wigginton, N. S., Cunningham, R. M., Katz, R. H., Lidstrom, M. E., Moler, K. A., Wirtz, D., & Zuber, M. T. (2020). Moving academic research forward during COVID-19. Science, 368(6496), 1190-1192.

Moving academic research
forward during COVID-19

Opinion: Sustainable development must account for pandemic risk

Food in a time of COVID-19. Nat. Plants 6, 429 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-0682-7

Food in a time of COVID-19

Clemmensen, C., Petersen, M. B., & Sørensen, T. I. (2020). Will the COVID-19 pandemic worsen the obesity epidemic?. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 1-2.

Will the COVID-19 pandemic worsen
the obesity epidemic?

Alternative technologies and platforms have been utilized to help researchers navigate and validate literature during the COVID-19 pandemic. Examples include:

1. Science Rapid PREreview (outbreaksci.prereview.org)
2. Pubpeer journal club (pubpeer.com)
3. 27 active Twitter-Based Journal Clubs
4. Retraction Watch (retractionwatch.com), which tracks retracted papers. For instance, 30 papers about COVID-19 were retracted after being cited 1,410 times, at an estimated cost of US\$425,000 per article.

Alternative technologies to help fight against the COVID-19 pandemic

Lindsey, P., Allan, J., Brehony, P., Dickman, A., Robson, A., Begg, C., ... & Flyman, M. (2020). Conserving Africa’s wildlife and wildlands through the COVID-19 crisis and beyond. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1275-6

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