When osteocalcin is injected into the dentate gyrus of mice, it leads to an increase in proteins necessary for memory formation such as RbAp48. As a result, when old mice were given osteocalcin, their performance on memory tasks matched that of young mice. Additionally, osteocalcin improved the learning capabilities of young mice. 

The Effects of Osteocalcin on the Dentate Gyrus of Mice 

Osteocalcin is a hormone produced by our bones. It affects the production of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin, which in turn promotes spatial memory and learning.

Hofstra University

The dentate gyrus is a structure within the hippocampus that aids in the processing of memory.

The Dentate Gyrus

Kandel, E. R. (2019). Memory, The Storehouse of The Self: Dementia. In The disordered mind: What unusual brains tell us about ourselves (p. 115-117). essay, Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

The Disordered Mind: Chapter 5

It was discovered that Alzheimer's disease begins in the entorhinal cortex. On the other hand, Age-related memory loss has been shown to involve the dentate gyrus.

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