Data for this longitudinal study was collected from three Dutch case-control cohorts: the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons (NESDO), and the Netherlands Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Association Study (NOCDA). The NESDA cohort studied individuals aged 18 to 65, including 2,329 with depression or anxiety and 652 without a mental health disorder. The NESDO cohort studied individuals aged 60 to 83, including 378 with a depressive disorder and 652 without a lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. The NOCDA cohort included 419 individuals aged 18 to 65 with a lifetime diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).