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Partition Function in Softmax

In the formula for the softmax function, the denominator used to normalize the exponentiated terms, given by kexp(Xik)\sum_k \exp(\mathbf{X}_{ik}), is known as the partition function. Its logarithm is referred to as the log partition function. This terminology is borrowed from statistical physics, where the partition function represents the sum over all possible states in a thermodynamic ensemble.

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Updated 2026-05-03

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