The prime challenges of artificial intelligence research in 1980s was to enable mahcines to associate a potential cause to set of observable conditions.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

The author (Judea) made great contribution to the development of Artificial intelligence models. In the 1980s he led efforts that allowed machines to reason probabilistically which is a practical application of Bayesian networks 

Judea's contribution to Bayesian networks

Pearl used Bayesian network scheme that allowed machines to predict given a patient who returned from Africa with a fever and body aches, the most likely explanation was malaria. In 2011 Pearl won the Turing Award primarily from this work. 

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