A deficiency of the B vitamin nicotinic acid (niacin), marked by weakness, gastrointestinal disturbances, skin disorders, and neurological symptoms, such as apathy, confusion, disorientation, and neuritis.

Saint Louis University

Deficiency in niacin (vitamin B3), is said to cause Pellagra with dementia as a result.

Niacin Deficiency

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Clinical psychology. American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/ed/graduate/specialize/clinical 

American Psychological Association: Clinical Psychology

Adan, R. A., van der Beek, E. M., Buitelaar, J. K., Cryan, J. F., Hebebrand, J., Higgs, S., ... & Dickson, S. L. (2019). Nutritional psychiatry: Towards improving mental health by what you eat. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 29(12), 1321-1332.

Nutrition Psychiatry: Towards Improving Mental Health by What You Eat

Pellagra

According to the APA, dementia is a generalized, pervasive deterioration of memory and at least one other cognitive function, such as language and an executive function, due to a variety of causes. The loss of intellectual abilities is severe enough to interfere with an individual’s daily functioning and social and occupational activity.

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