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Personalized PageRank (Jeh and Widom, 2003)
Personalized PageRank (PPR) is the seed-specific generalization of PageRank introduced by Jeh and Widom (WWW 2003). The random surfer follows an outgoing edge with probability and teleports with probability , but the teleport distribution is replaced by a user-specified preference vector over the nodes, so the resulting stationary score concentrates near the seeds in rather than spreading uniformly across the graph. Formally, is the unique solution of where is the row-stochastic transition matrix of the graph. The paper also introduces a hub decomposition and dynamic-programming scheme that lets many such personalized vectors be computed at web scale by combining a small set of precomputed partial vectors with a basis of hub vectors. A truncated variant restricts the computation to the highest-weight entries (or bounds the iteration depth), trading recall for compute and yielding the truncated personalized PageRank commonly used as a graph-retrieval baseline.
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