The small number of cells introduced to a new environment, marked at the beginning of a growth curve. 

Inoculum

During the Lag phase, the cells are introduced to a new environment. The number of cells is small, and does not change, but the cells are metabolically active and growing larger to prepare for growth. 

When microbes are introduced to a new environment, they follow a typical growth pattern, which consists of four phases:
1) Lag Phase
2) Log Phase
3) Stationary Phase
4) Death Phase

Growth Curve 

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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Phase 1: Lag Phase

Also known as the exponential growth phase, cells are undergoing binary fission and exponentially increasing their numbers. This is the stage where bacteria are most susceptible to disinfectants and antibiotics. 

Phase 2: Log Phase

During the stationary phase, new cells are still being formed and cells are dying, but the number of living cells remains constant. This stage occurs due to accumulation of waste products, and usage of available nutrients creating unfavorable growth conditions. 

Phase 3: Stationary Phase

The death phase occurs when the number of dying cells exceeds the living. It is marked by an exponential decline in the number of cells due to lack of nutrients and accumulation of waste. 

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