The outmoded belief that bumps on the skull reflect enlargements of brain regions responsible for certain behavioral faculties.

University of Pittsburgh

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- Thomas Willis: convinced educated people in the Western world that the brain is 
the organ that coordinates and controls behavior with his 
detailed descriptions of the structure of the human brain and his systematic study 
of brain disorders.

- Paul Broca: believed language expression is mediated by this specific brain region rather than reflecting activities of the entire brain.
- William James: his book Principles of Psychology signaled the beginnings of a 
modern approach to behavioral neuroscience.

The concept of localization of function arose in the nineteenth century

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

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