• Research has evidenced both direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy on multitasking behaviors. Multitasking was associated with higher self-efficacy levels when concentrating on homework (for example, paying attention to television, texting, and checking emails).

• Learning is more motivating for students who are confident about their ability to learn and persist in completing complex academic tasks. Consequently, these students are more likely to succeed in an online learning environment.

• Managing one's time efficiently (i.e., planning, monitoring, and controlling one's learning) is essential in ensuring students succeed online.