Strong hallucinations or delusions.

A. The disturbance is the direct physiological cause of another medical issue.

B. The condition cannot be attributed to another mental disorder.

C. The symptoms occur outside states of delirium as well.

D. The condition significantly interferes with social or other major areas of functioning.

 [DSM-5-TR] Diagnostic Criteria of Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

The disorder is due to a medical condition in which psychosis appears as a physiological symptom. The patient must believe their hallucinations are real. Consider:
- Whether the medical condition can be biologically linked to psychosis. 
- When the medical issue came about compared to the psychological issue. This its the strongest indicator for this diagnosis.
- Whether there are variances in how the psychological condition typically manifests. 
- Whether other explanations for the psychosis, such as the medical treatment or substance abuse. 

 [DSM-5-TR] Diagnostic Features of Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

For elderly people with a recent onset of psychosis a medical condition appears to cause it about 60% of the time. Lifetime occurrences is about to be .21% to .54% according to studies in Sweden and Finland. In Finland those older than 65 have .74% prevalence of the condition, which is significantly higher than younger age groups.Among the elderly, women may be more prone to this condition than men. For epileptics, postictal (during a seizure) psychosis is more common than ictal and interictal psychosis at 2-7.8%.

Prevalence of Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

Psychosis may disappear after the medical condition is treated or it may linger afterwards. Certain conditions affect younger than older people, and vice versa, so the types of medically induced psychosis can vary among age groups. Existing vision and hearing issues associated with increased age, may pose a higher risk for psychosis.

Development and Course of Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition 

Risk and prognostic factors that affect the diagnosis of psychotic disorder due to another medical condition include:
- Course Modifiers

Risk and Prognostic Factors of Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition 

There aren’t clear guidelines on this, but some conditions like epilepsy and multiple sclerosis are connected to more instances of suicide, so this may further increase psychosis.

Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition Association with Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior

Functional disability tends to be severe for those with the condition, but it varies a lot based on the type of medical condition. Often once the medical condition is treated the psychosis stops.

Functional Consequences of Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition 

Differential diagnoses to psychotic disorder due to another medical condition include:
- Delirium and Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder 
- Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder
- Psychotic Disorder

Differential Diagnoses to Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

For those older than 80 with this condition, it tends be concurrent with dementia. Alzheimer’s and Lewy body disease are often cause psychosis.

Comorbid Diagnoses to to Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

This includes the intersection of connections and/or research related to Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition in other fields of study and research. Such fields include:
- Clinical psychology
- Disability studies
- Medical field

Interdisciplinary Connections & Research Related to Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

This condition is when hallucinations and delusions occur are physiologically caused by a separate medical condition. Psychosis appears outside states of delirium as well. The disorder significantly interferes with major areas of life.

New Mexico Highlands University

The DSM-5-TR separates Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders into the following specific disorders and groups:

- Schizotypal (Personality Disorder)
- Delusional Disorder
- Brief Psychotic Disorder
- Schizophreniform Disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Schizoaffective Disorder
- Substance/Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder
- Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
- Catatonia*
- Other Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder
- Unspecified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder


[DSM-5-TR] List of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., Text revision). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

DSM-5-TR

A personality disorder characterized by: 
- Various oddities of thought, perception, speech, and behavior that are not severe enough to warrant a diagnosis of schizophrenia

Symptoms may include:
- Perceptual distortions
- Magical thinking
- Social isolation 
- Vague speech without incoherence
- Inadequate rapport with others due to aloofness or lack of feeling
- Symptoms not because of schizophrenia, other psychotic disorder, or ASD

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Previously referred to as paranoid disorder, delusional disorder is characterized by an inability to recognize reality from false beliefs called delusions. It occurs more often in middle age or later in life. This disorder is diagnosed when someone holds one or more non-bizarre delusions as truth for a month or more. These delusions cannot be sourced from culture or other causes. Symptoms include irritability and hallucinations.  

Delusional Disorder

A sudden and temporary display of psychotic behavior, and can be triggered by extreme stress and trauma. This episode lasts less than a month, and is followed by complete remission, though future relapses are possible. 

Brief psychotic disorder

Schizophreniform disorder is a psychotic disorder that affects action, thought, relationship with others, emotional expression, and reality perceived within one to six months lasting duration.

Schizophreniform Disorder

Schizophrenia is a severe psychological disorder that leads to a profound breakdown in an individual's ability to function, often necessitating hospitalization. It is characterized by significant disruptions in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior, including symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, incoherent thinking, bizarre actions, flat emotions, and a lack of motivation for basic activities. It is important to distinguish schizophrenia from dissociative identity disorder ('split personality'), as the term 'schizophrenia' refers to a 'splitting of psychic functions,' not a divided personality.

Schizophrenia

An uninterrupted illness featuring at some time a major depressive episode, manic episode, or mixed episode concurrently with characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia (e.g., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior) and, in the same period, delusions or hallucinations for at least 2 weeks in the absence of prominent mood symptoms. DSM–5 identifies the mood episodes only as either major depressive or manic and emphasizes that mood disturbances must be present for a majority of the time.

Schizoaffective Disorder

Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder occurs when a specific substance (e.g., cocaine, dexamethasone) causes the delusions and/or hallucinations, or other schizophrenic-like symptoms. It is not to be confused with Substance/Medication-Induced Sleep Disorder.

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