Causation

How Quantitative Easing Increases Central Bank Reserves

The process of quantitative easing directly leads to an expansion of commercial bank reserves on the central bank's balance sheet. When the central bank purchases bonds, it pays for them by creating new base money. The sellers of these bonds, typically financial institutions, deposit this new money into their commercial bank accounts. The commercial banks, in turn, deposit these funds, often referred to as 'excess reserves', in their own accounts at the central bank. This chain of transactions is the mechanism behind the significant rise in central bank liabilities observed during periods of QE.

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Updated 2026-05-02

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