Höhne, E., & Zander, L. (2019). Sources of male and female students’ belonging uncertainty in the computer sciences. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01

Sources of male and female students’ belonging uncertainty in the computer sciences

Wagner, Isabel. (2016). Gender and Performance in Computer Science. ACM Transactions on Computing Education. 16. 1-16. 10.1145/2920173. 

Gender and Performance in Computer Science

Berdousis, I.; Kordaki, M. Gender Gap in Computer Science: Preferences and Performance. Preprints 2017, 2017120180 (doi: 10.20944/preprints201712.0180.v1).

Gender Gap in Computer Science: Preferences and Performance

Vollmeyer, R., & Imhof, M. (2007). Are there gender differences in computer performance? If so, can motivation explain them?. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie, 21(3/4), 251-261.

Hamilton College

The achievement gap that exists in computer science courses between male and female students. 

Gender Gap in Computer Science Education

Michell, D., Szabo, C., Falkner, K., & Szorenyi, A. (2018). Towards a socio-ecological framework to address gender inequity in computer science. Computers and Education, 126, 324-333. https://10.1016/j.compedu.2018.07.019 

Towards a Socio-Ecological Framework to Address Gender Inequity in Computer Science

There are a few studies looking at the differences between male and female studying behavior in computer science education.

Differences in Studying Behavior by Males and Females in Computer Science Education

- There is a cultural stereotype that every successful engineer, mathematician or programmer is a white male. 
- Women are underrepresented in STEM fields in general and even more so in Computer Science. 
- Women's overall participation in Sciences is increasing, but women's participation in computer science has been decreasing. 
- National data shows that the percentage of women graduating in computer science dropped from 27% in 2002 to 18% in 2012. 
- Another study showed that 77% of women declared as a computer science major switched out of this major, compared to 45% of men. Women switch out of Computer Science at a higher rate than men. 


Gender Gap in Computer Science Gateway Courses 

Literature has identified many different factors that may contribute to lower participation rates, achievement levels, and representation of females in computer science. 

Factors contributing to the Gender Gap in Computer Science

Previous literature has shown that during undergraduate studies in CS, females more frequently choose to take courses dealing with the theoretical division of computing, while males are more likely to choose courses in the Software Systems division of computing. To determine if the gender gap in CS is related to the selection made by female and male students, the goal of this research article is to investigate the difference in achievement between genders across various CS subjects.

Gender Gap in Computer Science across various sub-disciplines 

References for Gender Gap in Computer Science Education

This article, published recently (12/28/20), discusses a study that compared students of different genders for a class of business informatics, especially with regards to gender differences in the class during the time of the coronavirus pandemic. The research study took note of how male and female students approached the new online approach in education for their classes. This study was performed as part of Slovakia's goal of getting more women involved in the ICT field by seeing how female students performed in this field. 

Gender Gap in Informatics During Pandemic (Summary)

Michell et al. (2018) established a socio-ecological framework to help understand the origins of the gender gap in computer science and how it may be addressed across its several levels or dimensions.

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