Armulik, A., Genové, G., Mäe, M., Nisancioglu, M. H., Wallgard, E., Niaudet, C., ... & Johansson, B. R. (2010). Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier. Nature, 468(7323), 557-561.
DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09522

Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier 

-  Neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19 in 153 patients: a UK-wide surveillance study

The Lancet Psychiatry Papers Related to Neuroscience of COVID-19

Solomon, I. H. et al. Neuropathological features of Covid-19. N. Engl.
J. Med. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2019373

Neuropathological Features of Covid-19

Neuroscience specific papers
- Journal of Clinical Neuroscience
- The Lancet Psychiatry
- Nature (journal of Neurobiology)
- The New England Journal of Medicine 

Smith College

Columbia University

Stanford University

Michigan State University

The effects of COVID-19 on the nervous system and the human brain.

Neurological impacts and neuroscience (neurobiology) of COVID-19

References for Neuroscience of COVID-19

Molecular Neuroscience 

Computational Neuroscience 

- COVID-19 patients often present neurological problems, such as anosmia, headache, dysgeusia altered mental status (AMS), Guillen-Barre Syndrome, or ischemic stroke. 
- Researchers analyzed the medical records of COVID-19 patients in Louisiana, in which 80% of the sample was African American, to assess neurological complications from COVID-19.  It was found that 14% of the sample presented with a neurological chief complaint at presentation, with the most common complaints being either AMS, syncope, or headache.  Upon hospitalization, 38% of the sample had a neurological complication, with AMS being the most common complication present.  

Neurological Complications in a Predominantly African American Population of COVID-19 

Case Study to Show Effects

1. In this case study, meningoencephalitis was seen as a major clinical manifestation of COVID-19. In this report, a person with a history of type-2 diabetes presented with a low-grade fever of 100.5 ° F, headache, stiff neck, photophobia, seizure without respiratory distress. Anti-epileptic therapy was started for the management of viral meningitis.                                                                                                                                                        2. The localization of the virus in brain tissues was studied in mice infected with SARS-CoV34 and MERS-CoV13

Results:
1. The clinical progression demonstrated rapid clinical deterioration with disorientation and hallucinations. SARS-CoV-2 detection tests were positive, and she was treated with hydroxychloroquine with improvement in symptoms during a clinical course of 5 days following admission to hospital. In a second case, a young man in his twenties presented total anosmia and ageusia with high suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection.                                                                                  
2. As cardio-respiratory impariments cause reflect brainstem dysfunction, it may be repsonsible for ARDS as it is a frequent cause of COVID-19. - Mouse hepatitis virus, porcine hemagglutinating encephalitis virus, feline CoV - Virus can cross epithelal cells

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