University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Occurs when referral patterns within a community causes the hospital population to be a misrepresentation (either overrepresentation or underrepresentation) of the general population.

Referral Bias

Sutton-Tyrrell, K. (1991). Assessing bias in case-control studies. *AHA Journals*. 22(7),  938-939 from [www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.STR.22.7.938 .](https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/01.STR.22.7.938 .) 

Assessing bias in case-control studies.

Can be done by pooling data across hospitals to account for such variations.

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