During the replication of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) animal viruses, the viral enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) uses the negative strand of the double-stranded genome as a template to synthesize positive single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) strands, which are then translated by host cell ribosomes.

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An RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) is a viral enzyme that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand from an RNA template, enabling the replication and transcription of viral RNA genomes.

RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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Negative single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) viral genomes cannot be directly translated by host ribosomes. Instead, the virus must bring its own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) to transcribe the -ssRNA genome into a complementary positive single-stranded RNA (+ssRNA) strand, which is then translated by host ribosomes.

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