Restricting access to update the blockchain can help to generate consensus more efficiently, since the cost of perpetuating disagreements is higher for validators with higher stakes. 

University of Minnesota - Twin Cities

- Restricting access to update the blockchain
- Sufficiently low block rewards
- Sufficiently modest block reward schedule

Conditions for generating consensus with Proof-of-Stake

Saleh, Fahad. (2021). Blockchain Without Waste: Proof-of-Stake. Wake Forest University. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3183935


Blockchain Without Waste: Proof-of-Stake

Restricting access to update the blockchain

Establishing a low or even a zero block reward reduces the potential gain from propagating disagreement. However, not updating the blockchain is still costly, since the ledger must grow for the coin to be exchanged, upon which usage its value depends.

Sufficiently low block rewards

Stakeholders have two incentives: initial coin holdings and block rewards. When block rewards are smaller, then initial coin holdings become the dominant incentive, and thus a modest block reward schedule encourages generating consensus.


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