- The results of experiment 1 and 3 showing no decay in the inoculation effect over time suggest that boosting of inoculation interventions can provide long-term stability for inoculation interventions and overall provide a long-term solution to defending against misinformation.
- How can future media literacy training help people recognize real news as well as fake news?


Key Takeaways of the Longitudinal Experiments on Long-Term Effectiveness of Inoculation Against Misinformation

The initial test date showed a significant inoculation effect. However, after the follow-up 9 weeks later, a nonsignificant  inoculation effect was found with the inoculation effect retention rate only being at 36%  between the initial test date (T2) and the follow-up(T3).

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Experiment 2 had the same design as experiment 1, however, participants were only called back for a follow-up once after 9 weeks.

Design of Experiment 2 Testing Longitudinal Effects of Inoculation Interventions

Maertens, R., Roozenbeek, J., Basol, M., &amp; van der Linden, S. (2021). Long-term effectiveness of inoculation Against misinformation: Three Longitudinal experiments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 27(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000315 

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