Without a clear framework for how to conduct inclusive research, the concept in itself may remain rhetorical. Inclusive research cannot be conducted properly if it lacks a clear protocol for involvement of all parties involved. 

Cedarville University

Inclusive research differs from non-inclusive research in that it requires far more monetary and human resources. It also requires a large time and monetary commitment from all individuals involved. In order to ensure the purposes and tasks of each member are being fulfilled, the time line for completion is much longer than other, non-inclusive projects.

Limitations to Conducting Inclusive Research

Bigby, C., Frawley, P., & Ramcharan, P. (2014). Conceptualizing Inclusive Research with People with Intellectual Disability. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12083 

Conceptualizing Inclusive Research with People with Intellectual Disability


- It has been suggested that the deep relationships formed in inclusive research can be detrimental to the team
  - It can cause stress
  - May pose unique ethical challenges
   - Researchers may be unwilling or unable to manage

How Relationships Negatively Impact Inclusive Research

Inclusive research is not the only way individuals with ID can be involved in research and it should not be treated as if it were the best method. Not all research allows for an inclusive approach.

Inclusive Research isn't Always the Answer

Those with severe intellectual impairments cannot communicate their basic needs let alone consent to research. Not everyone with an intellectual disability is able or willing to be involved in research.

Inclusive Research Can Never be fully Inclusive

Rhetorical Nature of Inclusive Research Policies

It is difficult to obtain a sufficient sample size when conducting research focused on individuals with IDD. This is due to the multiple causes of IDD, comorbidities, and comedication.


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