A 'rule of thumb' is a common example of a heuristic problem-solving strategy. This mental shortcut saves a person time and energy when making a decision, but despite its time-saving characteristics, it is not always the best method for making a rational decision.

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Heuristics are mental shortcuts or general rules of thumb that are frequently used as a strategy to simplify complex problems and find solutions more efficiently.

Using Heuristics as a Problem-Solving Strategy

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

A chef is trying to create a new signature pasta dish for their restaurant. Faced with hundreds of possible ingredient combinations, they decide to start by using only high-quality, locally sourced ingredients that are currently in season, believing this approach will most likely result in a popular and delicious dish. Which of the following best describes the chef's problem-solving approach?

A chef is trying to create a new signature dessert for their restaurant. Instead of systematically testing every possible combination of ingredients, they decide to start by combining chocolate with other flavors that are commonly paired with it, such as raspberry, orange, and mint. Explain one major advantage and one potential disadvantage of this simplified approach to developing the new dessert.

Evaluating a Problem-Solving Shortcut

While both are problem-solving strategies, algorithms and heuristics differ in their application and outcomes. An algorithm is a precise sequence of instructions that must be followed exactly to produce a correct and guaranteed result. In contrast, a heuristic is a general problem-solving framework or mental shortcut, such as a 'rule of thumb.' Although heuristics save time and cognitive energy, they do not guarantee a correct or perfectly rational decision.

Algorithm vs. Heuristic

Working backwards is a problem-solving heuristic where an individual starts with the desired final outcome and works in reverse to determine the necessary steps to achieve it. This method is frequently applied in everyday planning, often without conscious thought.

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