requirements for inclusion in the meta-analysis:

• Study must include students with an IEP or with a specific disability that is outlined in IDEA
• Studies includes a comparison group
• The data was collected from 1997 to 2016
• Sample included students from kindergarten to 12th grade
• The studies looked at reading comprehension
• Coded the sample by looking at the year, type of disability, age of the children, level of data (statewide, nationwide, etc), way disability was established and the specifics of students who were excluded from the study
• Coded the assessments baked on name, the constructs they tested, if they were administered in a group or individually, if the task was high stakes, type of questions, if retests were allowed and if accommodations were allocated
• Performed moderator and sensitivity analyses