Following exposures will result in a secondary response that is faster and stronger due to the body’s memory of the first exposure. This secondary response is specific to the pathogen in question.

Austin Community College

**Specificity** and **memory** are achieved by  programming certain cells in the immune response to respond rapidly to exposures of the pathogen. This programming occurs as a result of the first exposure to a pathogen or vaccine, which triggers a **primary response**.    

Primary Response of the Adaptive Immune System

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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