Serum amyloid A is an apolipoprotein, which is associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood stream. Serum amyloid A is involved with the transport of cholesterol to the liver and in the induction of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes that are involved in repair after infection-induced tissue damage. Additionally, it is a chemoattractant, bringing cells of the innate and acquired immune systems to the site of the infection

State University of New York at Buffalo

Peptides produced (usually in liver) and released in response to inflammatory molecules from the immune system. They bind to cell wall of the microbe and increase membrane permeability to kill pathogen. Acute phase proteins are produced by epithelial cells and phagocytes, and provide protection at epithelial surfaces. There are two major families of antimicrobial peptides: defensins and cathelicidins. These include C-reactive proteins, alpha-1 acid glycoproteins, haptoglobulin, fibrinogen, serum amyloid A and complement.

Acute Phase Reactants

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C-reactive proteins react with C-polysaccharides of S.pneumonia and can be used to measure risk of cardiovascular diseases. C-reactive proteins are sensitive indicators of inflammation. 

C-reactive Proteins 

Alpha-1 acid glycoprotein is found
to be elevated in some autoimmune disorders. Like many
of the acute phase proteins, the liver produces alpha-1 acid
glycoprotein. Its primary function may be the inhibition of
progesterone and other drugs. It has also been called orosomucoid.

Alpha-1 acid glycoproteins 

Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein that removes
free hemoglobin that has been released through injury and
red blood cell lysis. The haptoglobin molecule acts as an
antioxidant.

Haptoglobulin

Fibrinogen is an acute phase protein molecule
that is involved in the coagulation pathway. It is converted
to fibrin and then fibrin is cross-linked to form a clot.

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