Formula

Set of Indexed Key-Value Pairs

A set representing a sequence of Key-Value pairs, indexed from 1 to τ\tau. Each element in the set is a tuple (K≤i[t],V≤i[t])(\mathbf{K}_{\le i}^{[t]}, \mathbf{V}_{\le i}^{[t]}), where tt is the index (e.g., representing a layer or head). The bold letters K\mathbf{K} and V\mathbf{V} typically denote Key and Value matrices or vectors, and the subscript ≤i{\le i} indicates that these keys and values are for all positions up to and including ii in a sequence. The full expression is given by: {(K≤i[1],V≤i[1]),…,(K≤i[τ],V≤i[τ])}\{ (\mathbf{K}_{\le i}^{[1]}, \mathbf{V}_{\le i}^{[1]}), \dots, (\mathbf{K}_{\le i}^{[\tau]}, \mathbf{V}_{\le i}^{[\tau]}) \}.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Ch.2 Generative Models - Foundations of Large Language Models

Foundations of Large Language Models

Foundations of Large Language Models Course

Computing Sciences