Social isolation showed decreases in antiviral and antibody-related immune responses, increased inflammation, and impaired immune response to vaccination.

Pepperdine University

Research showed that negative psychological states influence antiviral immunity and the immune response to vaccination.

Negative Psychological States and Immunity

Bower, J. E., Radin, A., & Kuhlman, K. R. (2022). Psychoneuroimmunology in the time of COVID-19: Why neuro-immune interactions matter for mental and physical health. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 104104.

Psychoneuroimmunology in the time of COVID-19: Why neuro-immune interactions matter for mental and physical health

The stress in the context of the pandemic promotes more severe Covid-19 symptoms and diminishes antibody response to vaccination.

Stress and Immunity to Covid-19

 Social Isolation and Immunity to Covid-19

A study investigating the impact of chronic stress on vaccine efficacy provided telling results. In this research, older volunteers who were caregivers for a spouse with Alzheimer's disease, a situation known to cause long-term stress, were administered an influenza vaccine. When their immune reaction was compared to a control group, the chronically stressed caregivers exhibited a weaker antibody response to the vaccination, demonstrating a compromised immune function.

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