Antitrust authorities in both the US and the EU investigated Microsoft for exclusionary behavior. The company was accused of leveraging its dominant Windows operating system to hinder competing web browsers, such as Netscape, from reaching a large consumer base. This investigation spanned several years and concluded with Microsoft being fined millions of dollars and compelled to alter its business model, which ultimately allowed a competitive market for web browsers to emerge.

Microsoft's Exclusionary Practices in the Web Browser Market

An academic paper by Richard J. Gilbert and Michael L. Katz from 2001, published in the Journal of Economic Perspectives, that provides an economic analysis of the antitrust case against Microsoft.

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To cite a unit, use The CORE Econ Team 2023 The Economy 2.0: Microeconomics Open access e-text https://core-econ.org/the-economy/ Unit [unit number] (url).

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