Realization of the situation and possible threat to their individual life prompts survival actions

Albion College

The lines between the stages are blurred and behaviors described by one stage can happen simultaneously with behaviors described by another.

1. Pre-disaster
2. Warning
3. Threat
4. Impact
5. Inventory
6. Rescue
7. Remedy
8. Recovery

Eight Socio-Temporal Stages of Disaster

Palen, L., S. Vieweg, J. Sutton, S.B. Liu & A. Hughes (2007). Crisis Informatics: Studying Crisis in a Networked World. Third International Conference on e-Social Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan, October 7-9, 2007.

Crisis Informatics: Studying Crisis in a Networked World

Stage zero is regarding the social systems state before the disaster or the "normal" social engagement. 

Stage 0: Pre-disaster

Individuals are cautious and they start communicating with members of their social network to gain information about what is happening.

Stage 1: Warning

Stage 2: Threat 

Individual bunkers down and begins to realize the possible impact the disaster will have on the community and it's members

Stage 3: Impact

The individual starts to take stock of themselves and the situation they are going through

Stage 4: Inventory

Preventive measures are taken in the form of spontaneous extrication and first aid 

Stage 5: Rescue

Professional and organized agencies arrive to provide relief. Medical care and security measure are put into place

Stage 6: Remedy

Individuals readjust and deal with trauma. Community restoring physical damage
and organizing steps or measures to prevent the situation from recurring. Community evaluating the situation.

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