The classic signs of streptococcal pharyngitis are a fever higher than 38 °C (100.4 °F); intense pharyngeal pain; erythema associated with pharyngeal inflammation; and swollen, dark-red palatine tonsils, often dotted with patches of pus; and petechiae on the soft or hard palate. The submandibular lymph nodes beneath the angle of the jaw are also often swollen during strep throat.

Signs and Symptoms of Strep Throat 

culture identification is still the gold standard to confirm pharyngitis due to *S. pyogenes.* *S. pyogenes* can be identified as a catalase-negative, beta hemolytic bacterium that is susceptible to 0.04 units of bacitracin. 

Diagnosing Strep Throat

Antibiotic resistance is limited for this bacterium, so most β-lactams remain effective; oral amoxicillin and intramuscular penicillin G are those most commonly prescribed.

Treating Strep Throat 

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as strep throat, is an infection of the throat and tonsils caused by *Streptococcus pyogenes.*

Austin Community College

*Streptococcus pyogenes* causes several infections, including: 
 - Streptococcal Pharyngitis (strep throat)
 - Scarlet fever
 - Acute Rheumatic Fever
 - Acute Glomerulonephritis

Streptococcal Infections of the Respiratory System

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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Streptococcal Pharyngitis (strep throat)

Scarlet Fever consists of a disseminated fine red rash on the skin, and strawberry tongue, a red rash on the tongue. Severe cases may even lead to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), which results from massive superantigen production that leads to septic shock and death.

Scarlet Fever

One reason strep throat infections are aggressively treated with antibiotics is because they can lead to serious sequelae, later clinical consequences of a primary infection. These include:
 - Acute Rheumatic Fever
 - Acute Glomerulonephritis

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