To summarize, participation in citizen science projects leads to the following effects.

• For the research: crowdsourcing leading to greater research capacity, traditional/local/lay knowledge bolsters existing knowledge systems
• For the citizens: health literacy, empowerment, community building/social capital/social learning and trust, changes in attitudes/norms/values, active participation in public health policy, Sense of Coherence (SOC). All of these then positively contribute to community health.