People experiencing a first episode of psychosis often show several of the following signs:
- Hearing, seeing, tasting, or believing things that others do not perceive or believe.
- Persistent, unusual thoughts or beliefs that cannot be set aside regardless of what others believe.
- Strong and inappropriate emotional responses, or an absence of emotional expression.
- Withdrawal from family or friends.
- A sudden decline in self-care.
- Trouble thinking clearly or concentrating.

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Evidence suggests that childhood trauma and dissociation are associated with psychotic symptoms and disorders. Mistreated children are diagnosed more frequently with dissociative disorders than those who haven't experienced trauma. When a mistreated child develops a dissociative disorder, the symptoms tend to be more severe. This demonstrates the importance of testing for dissociative disorders in those with suspected childhood trauma, and considering dissociative disorders when treating victims of childhood maltreatment. 

Link Between Childhood Trauma and Dissociative Disorder Development

Symptoms of First Episode Psychosis

Şar, V., Dorahy, M. J., & Krüger, C. (2017). Revisiting the etiological aspects of dissociative identity disorder: a biopsychosocial perspective. Psychology research and behavior management, 10, 137–146. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S113743

Revisiting the etiological aspects of dissociative identity disorder: a biopsychosocial perspective

Child develops an inability to have a unified sense of self due to early onset chronic child abuse by an attachment figure.


Developmental  Traumatization

Boyer, S. M., Caplan, J. E., & Edwards, L. K. (2022). Trauma-Related Dissociation and the Dissociative Disorders:: Neglected Symptoms with Severe Public Health Consequences. Delaware journal of public health, 8(2), 78–84. https://doi.org/10.32481/djph.2022.05.010


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