Concept

The Concept of Hidden Worlds and Spiritual Geography in Golshan-e Raz

In Section 9 of Golshan-e Raz, Mahmud Shabestari explores the concept of 'Hidden Worlds' (عوالم پنهان) and spiritual geography. He challenges the literal interpretation of the material world and metaphysical realms such as Heaven, Hell, Mount Qaf, Jabaleqa, and Jabalsa. By asserting that the physical world as perceived by human senses is akin to a dream ('تو در خوابی و این دیدن خیال است'), Shabestari posits that true spiritual reality is obscured from ordinary perception and requires an inner awakening to be fully comprehended.

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Updated 2026-07-02

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Persian Literature Prerequisite Course