The study sees gym environments as cultural spaces that favor specific bodies. "Fitness" is visually associated with muscularity, youth, and physical ability. This cultural norm serves as a gatekeeper, excluding those whose bodies do not conform to that ideal, even when physical access is available.

Fitness Culture as a Site of Ableism

Out of 102 studies reviewed, only 26 focused on adults with physical disabilities. The majority of the literature reflects non-disabled experiences and priorities, implying that what counts as "inclusive" in research and policy is still heavily influenced by the majority group.

According to the study, fitness center managers, instructors, and policymakers all define accessibility in different ways. Some associate it with legal compliance, while others see it as continuous adaptation. This definitional ambiguity leads to inconsistent practice and perpetuates exclusion.

Definitional Ambiguity in “Accessibility”

Nikolajsen, Helene, et al. “Barriers to, and Facilitators of, Exercising in Fitness Centres among Adults with and without Physical Disabilities: A Scoping Review.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, no. 14, 2021, p. 7341. MDPI, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147341

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